COMMON ANTIDOTES

ANTIDOTES

• Acetaminophen: Mucomyst (acetylcysteine)
• Anticholinesterase: atropine or pralidoxime
• Anticholinergics: physostigmine
• Antifreeze: fomepizole, ethanol
• Benzodiazepines: Romazicon (flumazenil)
• Beta-Blocking Agents: Glucagon, epinephrine
• Ca Channel Blockers: calcium chloride, glucagon
• Carbon Monoxide (CO): hyperbaric, oxygen
• Coumadin: phytonadione or vitamin K
• Cyanide: amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite, or sodium thiosulfate
• Cyclophosphamide: mesna
• Digoxin: Digibind or Digoxin Immune Fab
• Dopamine: Rigitine
• EPS: "ABC" -- Artane (trihexyphenidyl), Benadryl (diphenhydramine), Cogentin (benztropine)
• Ethylene Glycol: fomepizole
• Fluorouracil: leucovorin calcium
• Heroin: Narcan (naloxone) or nalmefene
• Heparin: protamine sulfate
• Insulin Reaction: IV glucose (D50)
• Iron (Fe): deferoxamine
• Lead: edetate calcium disodium, dimercaprol, or succimer
• Malignant Hyperthermia (MH): dantrolene
• Methanol: ethanol
• Methotrexate: leucovorin calcium
• Narcotics: Narcan (naloxone) or nalmefene
• Opioid Analgesics: Narcan (naloxone) or nalmefene
• Organophosphate (OPP): atropine, pralidoxime
• Potassium (K): Insulin and glucose, sodium bicarbonate, albuterol inhaler, or Kayexalate (sodium polystyrene sulfonate)
• TCA (tricyclic antidepressants): physostigmine or sodium bicarbonate
• Warfarin: phytonadione or vitamin K

COMMON POSITIONS

POSITIONING

• Asthma - orthopneic
• Autonomic Dysreflexia - high Fowler’s
• Post Bronchoscopy - flat on bed w/ head hyperextended
• Cardiac Catheterization - keep site extended
• Cast - elevate affected extremity
• Cataract - affected side up
• Cerebral Aneurysm - high Fowler’s
• Cleft Lip - supine
• Cleft Palate - prone
• Congestive Heart Failure - high Fowler’s
• Craniotomy
• Supratentorial - semi-Fowler’s
• Infratentorial - flat on bed w/ affected side up
• Dumping Syndrome - flat on bed or LEFT side-lying
• Epistaxis - lean forward
• Hemorrhoidectomy - lie on UNAFFECTED side
• Hiatal Hernia - upright
• Hip Surgery - legs abducted & externally rotated
• Increased ICP - high Fowler’s
• Laminectomy - back as straight as possible; log roll to move; sand bag on sides
• Liver Biopsy - RIGHT side lying with towel on side
• Lobectomy - lie on UNAFFECTED side
• Lumbar Puncture
• During - “shrimp” position
• After - flat on bed
• Mastectomy - elevate affected extremity
• Myelogram
• Water-Based Dye - semi-Fowler’s
• Oil-based Dye - flat on bed
• Air Dye - Trendelenburg
• Paracentesis - flat on bed or sitting
• Pelvic Exam - lithotomy
• Post Peritonitis - high Fowler’s
• Pneumonectomy - lie on AFFECTED side
• Postural Drainage - AFFECTED side up
• Pulmonary Edema - upright
• Pyloric Stenosis - RIGHT side-lying after meals
• Radium Implant - flat on bed
• Rectal Exam - knee-chest, Sims’, or dorsal recumbent
• Renal Failure - high biologic value proteins
• Retinal Detachment - affected side down
• Seizure - side-lying
• Shock - modified Trendelenburg
• Thyroidectomy - semi-Fowler’s
• Thrombophlebitis - elevate affected extremity
• Thoracentesis
• During - sitting on the side of the bed and leaning over the table
• After - affected side up

COMMON DIETS

DIETS

• Addison’s - ↑Na, ↓K
• Anemia, Pernicious - ↑Vitamin B12
• Anemia, Sickle Cell - ↑fluids
• ADHD and Bipolar - ↑calories, finger food
• Burns - ↑protein, ↑calories, ↑Vitamin C
• Celiac Disease - Gluten Free (NO BROW - barley, rye, oat, wheat)
• Cholecystitis - ↓fat
• Cirrhosis - ↑carbohydrates, ↓protein, ↓fat
• Constipation - ↑fiber
• COPD - ↓carbohydrates
• Cystic Fibrosis - ↑fluids
• Decubitus Ulcers - ↑protein, ↑Vitamin C
• Diarrhea - ↓fiber
• Dumping Syndrome - ↑protein, ↑fat, ↓carbohydrates, fluids between meals
• Gout - ↓purine
• Hepatitis - ↑carbohydrates, ↑protein, ↓fat
• Hypertension - ↓fat, ↓cholesterol
• Meniere’s Disease - ↓Na
• Hyperthyroidism - ↑calories
• Hypothyroidism - ↓calories
• Hyperparathyroidism - ↑phosphorus, ↓Ca
• Hypoparathyroidism - ↑Ca, ↓phosphorus, ↑Vitamin D
• Osteoporosis - ↑Ca, ↑Vitamin D
• Phenylketonuria - Phenylalanine Free
• Pneumonia - ↑calories
• Pregnancy - ↑calories, ↑iron, ↑folic acid
• Pregnancy Induced Hypertension - ↑protein, ↓Na
• Ulcerative Colitis - ↑protein

What does it mean for your hospital to be accredited?

WHAT DOES IT MEAN FOR YOUR HOSPITAL TO BE ACCREDITED?

     JCI Accredited. QHA Trent Accredited. ACI Accredited. What do all these mean to your nursing career? Working in an accredited hospital means that it has received the "gold seal". It has been evaluated to provide the highest quality care according to the accrediting organization's level of standard.

     To healthcare providers, this would mean that you are well-equipped with the skills and knowledge for employment in other countries. You would have something that smells REALLY GOOD on your resume to your future employer. Of course, just don't forget to indicate in your resume that the previous hospital you've worked for is accredited by this particular organization.

     As I've mentioned above, three of the world's leading international accrediting organizations are JCI, QHA Trent, and ACI.



JCI, Joint Commission International (formerly JCAHO - Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations), is a US-based accrediting agency. Health care organizations are subject to a 3-year accreditation cycle. Accredited hospitals in the Philippines include: Chong Hua Hospital (Cebu City, accredited Oct. 24, 2009), The Medical City (Quezon City, re-accredited Nov. 14, 2009), and St. Luke's Medical Center (Pasig City, re-accredited Nov. 21, 2009.).





QHA Trent (formerly TAS - Trent Accreditation Scheme) is a UK-based accrediting agency. Health care organizations are subject to a 2-year accreditation cycle. Accredited hospitals in the Philippines include: Cebu Doctors' University Hospital (Cebu City, April 2011).





ACI, Accreditation Canada International (formerly CCHSA - Canadian Council for Health Services Regulation), is a Canada-based accrediting agency. Health care organizations are subject to a 3-year accreditation cycle. Levels of accreditation include Gold, Platinum, and Diamond with Diamond being the highest level. Accredited hospitals in the Philippines include: Asian Eye Institute (Platinum, Makati City, accredited Oct. 5, 2011), Manila Doctors Hospital (Manila), and Philippine Heart Center (Quezon City).